Lub photoelectric sensor feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm ob qhov chaw: txoj kev ua thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog ua raws li cov nyhuv photoelectric, uas hloov cov kev ntsuas ntsuas mus rau hauv cov teeb liab hloov kho qhov muag, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv hloov cov teeb liab uas tsis yog hluav taws xob rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob nrog kev pab los ntawm photoelectric ntsiab. Cov nyhuv photoelectric hais txog illuminating ib yam khoom nrog lub teeb, uas tuaj yeem pom raws li cov duab ntawm photons nrog qee lub zog tawg ntawm cov khoom. Lub sijhawm no, lub zog ntawm photon raug xa mus rau electron, thiab tag nrho lub zog ntawm photon yog tag nrho ib zaug. Thaum lub electron absorbed, lub xeev ntawm lub electron yuav hloov tom qab nws tau txais lub zog pauv los ntawm photon, yog li ntawd cov khoom irradiated los ntawm lub teeb yuav ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov nyhuv photoelectric feem ntau yog muab faib ua 3 pawg:
(1) Qhov tshwm sim uas cov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem khiav tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ib qho khoom nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub teeb yog hu ua sab nraud photoelectric nyhuv, xws li photoelectric raj, photomultiplier raj, thiab lwm yam.;
(2) Qhov tshwm sim uas qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib qho khoom tuaj yeem hloov pauv raws li kev ua ntawm lub teeb yog hu ua cov nyhuv photoelectric sab hauv, xws li photoresistors, phototransistors, thiab lwm yam;
(3) Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub teeb, qhov tshwm sim uas ib yam khoom tsim ib qho kev taw qhia electromotive quab yuam hu ua photovoltaic nyhuv. Photoelectric sensors xws li photocells paub txog kev tswj hwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub teeb siv rau hauv kev hloov pauv hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob.
Feem ntau, lub photoelectric sensor yog tsim los ntawm peb qhov chaw, uas tau muab faib ua: transmitter, receiver thiab detection circuit.
Lub transmitter yog tsom mus rau lub hom phiaj kom emit ib lub teeb beam, thiab lub emitted lub teeb beam feem ntau yog los ntawm ib tug semiconductor teeb qhov chaw, lub teeb emitting diode (LED), laser diode, thiab ib tug infrared emitting diode. Lub beam yog emitted uninterrupted, los yog lub mem tes dav hloov. Lub receiver yog tsim los ntawm photodiode, phototransistor, thiab photocell. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub receiver, optical Cheebtsam xws li lens thiab aperture yog ntsia. Hauv qab nws yog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, uas tuaj yeem lim tawm cov teeb liab zoo thiab siv lub teeb liab.